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To be infertile means to be unable to have children. From a medical standpoint, a couple is considered to be infertile if there has been no pregnancy after one or two years of unprotected sexual intercourse. Fertility process requires that both, man and women, should be healthy and normal.
A number of clinical conditions and diseases can be responsible for male infertility such as mumps, smallpox, viral infections, sexually transmitted diseases, testicular injury, environmental toxins, drugs, alcohol, tobacco, hormonal imbalance, vasectomy, testicular obstruction, spinal cord lesions, genetics, cystic fibrosis, general sexual dysfunction, and perhaps many more causes. Sometimes, in spite of the most meticulous search, no obvious cause can be found for the infertility.
Infertility in a women can be caused by a variety of medical conditions. Problems include failure to ovulate, hormonal imbalances that leave the uterine lining unprepared for implantation of the embryo, abnormalities of the uterus, scar tissue from infections in the fallopian tubes or on the ovaries or the uterus, inadequate cervical mucus, production of anti-sperm antibodies, or habitual miscarriage. Endometriosis, uterine fibroids, or uterine polyps in a woman also can inhibit conception and implantation.
In both cases, a first area to look at is hormonal imbalance.
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